The Frame Representation Language (FRL) is described. FRL is an adjunct to LISP which implements several representation techniques suggested by Minsky's concept of a frame: defaults, constraints, inheritance, procedural attachment, and annotation. (Author)
Topics: DTIC Archive, Roberts,R Bruce, MASSACHUSETTS INST OF TECH CAMBRIDGE ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE LAB,...
Message understanding systems are key to handling the steadily increasing volume of information required for intelligence, data fusion, logistics and maintenance operations. The capture and understanding of information in narrative text and messages is the focus of this contract. The goal is to convert this information into a representation of its meaning, which can be used to update a database with new information derived from the incoming messages, to summarize key information, or to issue...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Hirschman, Lynette, UNISYS DEFENSE SYSTEMS PAOLI PA, *SEMANTICS, *SYNTAX, *NATURAL...
Social identity threat refers to the process through which an individual underperforms in some domain due to their concern with confirming a negative stereotype held about their group. Psychological research has identified this as one contributor to the underperformance and underrepresentation of women, Blacks, and Latinos in STEM fields. Over the last decade, a brief writing intervention known as a values affirmation, has been demonstrated to reduce these performance deficits. Presenting a...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Intervention, Self Concept, Essays, Gender Bias, Racial Discrimination, Social...
Assessment in education allows for obtaining, organizing, and presenting information about how much and how well the student is learning. The current paper aims at analysing and discussing some of the most state-of-the-art assessment systems in education. Later, this work presents a specific use case developed for the Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, which is an online university. An automatic evaluation tool is proposed that allows the student to evaluate himself anytime and receive instant...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Semantics, Electronic Learning, Feedback (Response), Evaluation, Natural Language...
The examples described have been chosen to be types that commonly occur, so that rules needed to understand them can also be used to understand a much wider ranges of novel language. Ultimately the power of systems will depend on the sheer amount of knowledge they have, knowledge which can be used as the base domain for new metaphors, and schematas that can be used to build yet more schematas. Therefore, to really achieve something resembling common sense, there will have to be exercise of...
Topics: DTIC Archive, DeJong,Gerald F, ILLINOIS UNIV AT URBANA COORDINATED SCIENCE LAB, *INPUT,...
Topics: Radio Program, Broadband, Social sciences, Computer law, NPR personalities, American political...
This reports provides an overview of the findings and software that have evolved from the Symbolic MT with Statistical NLP Components project over the last year. We present the major goals that have been achieved and discuss some of the open issues that we intend to address in the near future. This report also contains some details on the usage of some software that has been implemented during the project.
Topics: DTIC Archive, Dorr, Bonnie J, MARYLAND UNIV COLLEGE PARK INST FOR ADVANCED COMPUTER STUDIES,...
Topics: Radio Program, Banking, Financial markets, Interest, Business law, Business terms, News,...
Topics: Radio Program, Strategic management, Business terms, Innovation, Design, Business, Types of...
Click here to view the University of Florida catalog record
Topics: Natural language processing (Computer science), Electroencephalography, Sleep
Topics: Radio Program, Computer law, Broadband, Social sciences, Internet access, American political...
Andreas Tolk, Lakhmi C. Jain - Intelligence-Based Systems Engineering
Topics: simulation, systems, model, engineering, devs, models, knowledge, modeling, web, semantic, systems...
Good documentation is critical for user acceptance of any system. Advances in area such as knowledgebased systems, text generation and multi-media have now made it possible to investigate the automatic generation of documentation from the underlying knowledge bases. Empirical studies have shown that examples can greatly increase the effectiveness of system documentation. However, studies also show that badly integrated text and examples can be actually detrimental compared to using either text...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Mittal, Vibhu O., UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA MARINA DEL REY INFORMATION...
The authors are focusing on in-flight problem diagnosis. Suppose, for example, a pilot simultaneously experiences over-heating in one engine and aileron reverse. He might attribute the problem to the hydraulic system, but unless he possessed detailed technical knowledge of the particular aircraft, he might not be able to decide which sub-assembly component became disfunctional. However, exactly how and where the problem occurred may have implications for how to deal with it. Indeed, a naively...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Waltz,D L, ILLINOIS UNIV AT URBANA COORDINATED SCIENCE LAB, *AIRCRAFT, *ARTIFICIAL...
This report documents DARPA-supported basic research in Carnegie-Mellon University's Computer Science Department during the period 1 January 1981 through December 1983, extended to 31 December 1984. Each chapter discusses one of seven major research areas. Sections within a chapter present the area's general context, the specific problems addressed, our contributions and their significance, and an annotated bibliography. Keywords: Distributed Processing, Image Understanding, Machine...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Ball,Eugene, CARNEGIE-MELLON UNIV PITTSBURGH PA DEPT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE,...
This report describes the work carried out by the Rapid Object Application Development (ROAD) consortium under the auspices of the Technology Reinvestment Project (TRP).This report addressed the following problems related to building large scale distributed software systems in the defense software industry: (1) Increasing difficulty (increasing functionality increases complexity); (2) Increasing cost (every system seems to be new with a high associated price tag); (3) Increasing uncertainty...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Scott, Colin T., ANDERSEN CONSULTING NORTHBROOK IL CENTER FOR STRATEGIC TECHNOLOGY...
A natural language data-base query system, called CYRUS, is described. It stores and retrieves biographical information about people, making use of knowledge structures such as scripts and role themes in order to store the information in memory and guide the question answering process. (Author)
Topics: DTIC Archive, Kolodner,Janet L, YALE UNIV NEW HAVEN CONN DEPT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE, *DATA BASES,...
Recognizing textual entailment is a challenging problem and a fundamental component of many applications in natural language processing. We present a novel framework for recognizing textual entailment that focuses on the use of syntactic heuristics to recognize false entailment. We give a thorough analysis of our system, which demonstrates state-of-the-art performance on a widely-used test set.
Topics: DTIC Archive, Snow, Rion, STANFORD UNIV CA DEPT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE, *NATURAL LANGUAGE,...
Due to the new military operations other than war, the extent of the natural language parts in formalized military messages increases. In order to guarantee further automatic interoperability between different C4ISR systems three problems must be solved. First, the natural language text must be automatically transformed into a formal structure, which represents the meaning of the text. Second, the formal structure must be exchanged between the different C4ISR systems. And third, the...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Hecking, Matthias, FGAN-FKIE WACHTBERG (GERMANY), *INTEROPERABILITY, *MESSAGE...
From the bitsavers.org collection, a scanned-in computer-related document. computersAndAutomation :: 197401
Topics: computer, computers, data, edmund, programming, program, tion, ibm, system, berkeley, president...
From the bitsavers.org collection, a scanned-in computer-related document. computersAndAutomation :: 197306
Topics: computer, computers, automation, data, nixon, program, watergate, systems, genie, water quality,...
1,193
1.2K
Jul 23, 2008
07/08
by
George Combe
texts
eye 1,193
favorite 1
comment 0
Book digitized by Google from the library of the New York Public Library and uploaded to the Internet Archive by user tpb.
Topics: organ, organs, faculty, faculties, brain, gall, mental, large, developement, persons, natural...
Source: http://books.google.com/books?id=J3oAAAAAMAAJ&oe=UTF-8
This research entails the design and development of an automated system that allows researchers working remotely to store, manage, and transfer assertion data to an external system run by the Intelligence Advanced Research Projects Activity. The research stems from the University of Maryland's involvement in the Social-Cultural Content in Language program which seeks to investigate methodologies, designs, and technologies that can contribute in the understanding of the social goals of persons...
Topics: DTIC Archive, NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA, *NATURAL LANGUAGE, *SOCIOLOGY, *CULTURE,...
The promise of the benefits of fully integrated electronic health care systems can only be realized if the quality of emerging large medical databases can be characterized and the meaning of the data understood. For this purpose, the effective visualization of large and complex health data for timely decision making is critical. Our long-term goal is to improve the usability of emerging large scale clinical data sets by developing effective and efficient open-source systems for health data...
Topics: DTIC Archive, INDIANA UNIV INDIANAPOLIS, *DATA BASES, *INFORMATION RETRIEVAL, *INFORMATION SYSTEMS,...
The five major research thrusts are: Natural language processing; Machine perception and robotics; Task oriented computer animation; Programming structures for databases and knowledge bases; and Parallel processing in AI. We describe these capabilities by combining some past work and directions of new work under progress. Artificial intelligence.
Topics: DTIC Archive, Joshi, Aravind, PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIV STATE COLLEGE COLL OF MINERAL INDUSTRIES,...
22
22
Oct 13, 2018
10/18
by
Jim Collison
movies
eye 22
favorite 0
comment 0
On this episode, we have Dewain Robinson joins us to talk about his project at Microsoft and AI and his recent experience with the purchase of a Tesla Model S. So join Jim Collison / @jcollison and Mike Wieger / @WiegerTech for show #374 of Home Gadget Geeks brought to you by the Average Guy Network WANT TO SUBSCRIBE? http://theAverageGuy.tv/subscribe Join us for the show live each Thursday at 8pmC/9E/1UTC at http://theAverageGuy.tv/live Full show notes and video at...
Topics: Podcast, Home Gadget Geeks, Tesla. Microsoft, LUIS, Natural Language Processing, Text to Speech,...
Emotional expression in Artificial Intelligence has gained lots of attention in recent years, people applied its affective computing not only in enhancing and realizing the interaction between computers and human, it also makes computer more humane. In this study, emotional expressions were applied into intelligent tutoring system, where learners' emotional expression in learning process was observed in order to give an appropriate feedback. Emotional intelligent not only gives high flexibility...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Foreign Countries, Intelligent Tutoring Systems, Artificial Intelligence, Focus...
From the bitsavers.org collection, a scanned-in computer-related document. computersAndAutomation :: 197307
Topics: computer, computers, automation, data, genie, program, column, systems, system, nuea, computer...
From the bitsavers.org collection, a scanned-in computer-related document. mit :: ai :: aim :: AIM-299
Topics: program, programs, knowledge, debugging, programming, project, actor, ths, systems, thie, natural...
In 2014, in conjunction with doing research in natural language processing and attending a global conference on computational linguistics, the author decided to learn a new foreign language, Greek, that uses a non-English character set. This paper/session will present/discuss an overview of the current state of natural language processing and computational linguistics intertwined with ideas for using traditional and technology-assisted ways of learning a new language. Included will be practical...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Natural Language Processing, Computational Linguistics, Second Language Learning,...
This article is an exploration of the available applications for speech to speech real-time translation software for use in the classroom. Three different types of machine language translation (MLT) software and devices are reviewed for their features and practical application in secondary education classrooms.
Topics: ERIC Archive, Translation, Computer Software, Courseware, Computational Linguistics, Classroom...
This paper describes a study that attempted to ascertain the degree of success that undergraduates and graduate students, with varying levels of experience using the World Wide Web and Web search engines, and without librarian instruction or intervention, had in locating relevant material on specific topics furnished by the investigators. Because different search engines use dissimilar search protocols and interfaces, potential problems paralleling those perceived in CD-ROM and online searching...
Topics: ERIC Archive, Academic Libraries, Access to Information, Computer Software Evaluation, Higher...
7
7.0
Jun 27, 2018
06/18
by
International Conference on Applications of Natural Language to Information Systems (5th : 2000 : Versailles, France)
texts
eye 7
favorite 0
comment 0
x, 372 pages : 24 cm
Topics: Natural language processing (Computer science) -- Congresses, Traitement automatique des langues...
24
24
Mar 17, 2018
03/18
by
International Workshop on Natural Language Understanding and Logic Programming (1st : 1984 : Rennes, France);Dahl, Veronica, 1950-;Saint-Dizier, Patrick, 1954-
texts
eye 24
favorite 0
comment 0
Includes bibliographical references and index
Topics: Programming languages (Electronic computers), Computer programming, Logic, Symbolic and...
9
9.0
Jun 8, 2019
06/19
by
Marcus, Mitchell P., 1950-
texts
eye 9
favorite 0
comment 0
335 p. ; 24 cm
Topics: English language -- Data processing, Generative grammar, Grammar, Comparative and general --...
The BROWSER system was designed as a tool to aid in problem isolation, problem measurement and revision monitoring in the maintenance of aircraft by the U.S. Navy. This paper discusses how BROWSER's design accomplishes these goals. Since the overall system would require man-years to complete, only crucial sections of the code were implemented to demonstrate the system's feasibility. Since simplicity was a paramount design principle, it is not anticipated that expansion of the system will...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Conrad,Forrest Paul, ILLINOIS UNIV AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN COORDINATED SCIENCE LAB, *MAN...
This report describes a framework for handling mixed-initiative English dialogue in a console session environment, with emphasis on recognition. Within this framework, both linguistic and non-linguistic activities are modelled by structures called 'methods', which are a declarative form of procedural knowledge. The design focuses on units of linguistic activity larger than the speech act, so that the pragmatic and semantic context of an utterance can be used to guide its interpretation. Also...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Brown, Gretchen P, MASSACHUSETTS INST OF TECH CAMBRIDGE LAB FOR COMPUTER SCIENCE,...
The research has as its major goal the construction of software tools to aid on-line decision makers and data base users in accessing information relevant to their needs, in understanding the full data base search implications of their requests, and in reviewing and evaluating the utility of derived answers. The conceptual framework within which this research has been carried out is based upon mathematical logic. It is becoming increasingly clear that logic is, highly relevant not only to...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Kellogg, Charles, SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT CORP SANTA MONICA CA, *DATA MANAGEMENT,...
This report addresses fundamental issues of semantics for computational systems. The question at issue is 'What is it that machines can have that would correspond to the knowledge of meanings that people have and that we seem to refer to by the ordinary language term 'meaning'?' The proposed answer is that the notion of truth-conditions can be explicated and made precise by identifying them with a particular kind of abstract procedure and that such procedures can serve as the meaning bearing...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Woods,W A, BOLT BERANEK AND NEWMAN INC CAMBRIDGE MA, *COMPUTER LOGIC, *SEMANTICS,...
The importance of intention in conversation has been considered by many researchers in artificial intelligence and psychology. However, most models of conversation have been limited to pursuing the transfer of knowledge between the system and a user. We propose that conversational goals can address communication at a number of other levels such as the conversats' emotions, their relationship, and their attitudes. MAGPIE (Multiple Active Goal Processor in Interactive Exchanges) is a computer...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Johnson,Peter N, YALE UNIV NEW HAVEN CT DEPT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE, *COMPUTER...
This report presents an abstract process model of 'well formed' discourse. The model is based on a hierarchical segmentation of utterances into distinct, but related and linked, context spaces. Context spaces are characterized by slots similar to case frames. The slots are functionally defined and they capture information both explicit and implicit in the dialogue. In a context space theory of discourse, a conversation is viewed as a sequence of conversational moves. A conversational move...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Reichman,Rachel, BOLT BERANEK AND NEWMAN INC CAMBRIDGE MA, *SOCIAL COMMUNICATION,...
The particular task we explored was that of a decision maker examining and modifying a database using a graphics display. The decision maker is expected to manipulate both the context of the database and the form of the display. This paper presents three aspects of our research on a system that can provide graphically represented information and can talk naturally with a user about that information: description of the methodology that we used in developing and analyzing an extended prototypical...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Sidner, Candace L, BOLT BERANEK AND NEWMAN INC CAMBRIDGE MA, *COMPUTER GRAPHICS,...
Action oriented languages are number intensive. Graphic's languages are centered around where to draw something rather than what to draw. The where involves a tedious numeric description of vertices. Robotic's languages are also dominated by a where description, but now the where specifies a robot motion. The result is an array of numbers that obscures the meaning of the program to its reader. This paper shows how a number of linguistic devices can be used to eradicate the plethora of numbers...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Bourne,David Alan, CARNEGIE-MELLON UNIV PITTSBURGH PA ROBOTICS INST, *PROGRAMMING...
Contents: Computer Systems And Communications; Computer Systems Structure; Educational Computing; Functional Languages And Architecture; Information Mechanics; Message Passing Semantics; Office Automation; Programming Methodology; Programming Technology; Real Time Systems; and Systematic Program Development.
Topics: DTIC Archive, Dertouzos,Michael L, MASSACHUSETTS INST OF TECH CAMBRIDGE LAB FOR COMPUTER SCIENCE,...
An important goal of the Navy's future message systems is to be able to interpret automatically the English narrative in Navy messages. To accomplish this, such systems must incorporate a natural language parser that determines the structure of English phrases and sentences. The parser does this by using a grammar, a set of rules that describes all acceptable patterns in the language. A central aim of our research is to develop a grammar that is oriented toward the particular style, or...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Bachenko,Joan C, NAVAL RESEARCH LAB WASHINGTON DC, *Message processing,...
The processing of natural languages by computers and the programming of computers to simulate some aspects of language learning offer insights into those aspects of language design which allow successful processing to take place as well as those properties of natural languages which make their computer-based analysis difficult. In essence, these factors represent the differences between the two information processors involved in all such endeavors, the biological one, the human brain, of which...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Kucera, Henry, BROWN UNIV PROVIDENCE RI CENTER FOR NEURAL SCIENCE, *LEARNING,...
This paper is a formal analysis of whether generalized phrase structure grammar's (GPSG) weak context-free generative power will allow it to achieve three of its central goals: (1) to characterize all and only the natural language grammars, (2) to algorithmically determine membership and generative power consequences of GPSGs, and (3) to embody the universalism of natural language entirely in the formal system. I prove that =Sigma*?' is undecidable for GPSGs and, on the basis of this result and...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Ristad,Eric S, MASSACHUSETTS INST OF TECH CAMBRIDGE ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE LAB,...
The Natural Language Sourcebook (Read, Dyer, Baker, Mutch, Butler, Quilici, & Reeves, 1990), a database of processing problems an intelligent computer system might have with natural language, was developed as part of the Artificial Intelligence Measurement System (AIMS). One important use of the Sourcebook is as a means for evaluating intelligent computer systems with regard to their ability to handle specific processing problems. This paper provides an empirical verification of the problem...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Mutch, Patricia, CALIFORNIA UNIV LOS ANGELES, *DATA BASES, VERIFICATION, NATURAL...
This paper is a progress report of the natural language (NL) understanding portion of the Artificial Intelligence Measurement System (AIMS). The focus of the document is on the research plan and initial steps in relating human performance measures to NL implementations. The overall goal was to norm a given NL system's performance on a sample of people. To this end a test was created to capture the language functions of a target implementation but was set within the domain of the human...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Baker, Eva L, CALIFORNIA UNIV LOS ANGELES, *DATA BASES, MEASUREMENT, ENVIRONMENTS,...
The TRAINS project is a long-term research effort on building an intelligent planning assistant that is conversationally proficient in natural language. The TRAINS project serves as an umbrella for research that involves pushing the state of the art in real-time planning, planning in uncertain worlds, plan monitoring and execution, natural language understanding techniques applicable to spoken language, and natural language dialog and discourse modelling. Significant emphasis is being put on...
Topics: DTIC Archive, Allen, J F, ROCHESTER UNIV NY DEPT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE, *REAL TIME, *RESEARCH...
